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ATF-7 mediates Htr5b gene induction in response to social isolation stress. (Left) In dorsal raphe nuclei, ATF-7 binds to the Htr5b gene and silences its transcription by recruiting the H3-K9 trimethyltransferase ESET. (Right) Social isolation stress induces ATF-7 phosphorylation via p38, which then leads to the release of ATF-7 from the Htr5b gene promoter, resulting in Htr5b gene expression and the disruption of heterochromatin-like structures.
