Table 3.

Association between green space and physical activity after adjustment for individual and environment variables (n=22,254).

Green space quintile	Overall physical activity	Sport	Green space leisure	Walking
High ‘cut off’ (at least 30 min of MVPA 5 times per week)
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
1 (1.27–23.37%)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
2 (23.38–37.65%)	1.02 (0.93–1.13)	1.09 (0.93–1.29)	0.98 (0.85–1.12)	0.98 (0.84–1.14)
3 (37.66–57.18%)	1.08 (0.98–1.19)	1.12 (0.95–1.33)	1.02 (0.88–1.17)	1.01 (0.86–1.18)
4 (57.25–83.80%)	1.10 (0.99–1.21)	1.00 (0.84–1.21)	0.90 (0.78–1.05)	0.94 (0.79–1.11)
5 (83.81–98.58%)	1.24 (1.12–1.38)	1.03 (0.85–1.25)	0.97 (0.83–1.14)	1.01 (0.85–1.21)
Wald test* (p)	19.0 (<0.001)	3.2 (0.52)	2.8 (0.58)	1.16 (0.89)
Low ‘cut off’ (any physical activity of MVPA and 30 min duration)
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
1 (1.27–23.37%)	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
2 (23.38–37.65%)	0.99 (0.89–1.10)	1.04 (0.96–1.15)	0.94 (0.86–1.03)	0.85 (0.77–0.94)
3 (37.66–57.18%)	1.06 (0.95–1.19)	1.05 (0.96–1.16)	0.91 (0.83–1.00)	0.85 (0.77–0.93)
4 (57.25–83.80%)	1.06 (0.94–1.19)	1.00 (0.91–1.11)	0.86 (0.78–0.95)	0.80 (0.72–0.88)
5 (83.81–98.58%)	1.11 (0.98–1.26)	1.02 (0.92–1.13)	0.95 (0.86–1.05)	0.85 (0.77–0.95)
Wald test* (p)	4.5 (0.34)	2.4 (0.67)	10.0 (0.004)	21.2 (<0.001)

^⁎Wald test is used to test for any association between green space and physical activity; a ‘high cut off’ is defined as five or more sessions of the stated activity per week of at least 30 min duration of MVPA; a ‘low cut off’ is defined as doing some sessions of the stated activity of at least 30 min duration of MVPA; individual and environmental variables are detailed in model 3 (Table 2).