Table 2.
Balance Error Scoring System differences detected between populations.a
| Author, Year | Groups | Average Errors | Effect Size (95% Confidence Interval) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bressel,2 2007 | Soccer | 12.5 ± 5.16 | 0.64 (−1.51, 2.80) (vs gymnastics) |
| Basketball | 14.1 ± 5.16 | 0.96 (−1.18, 3.09) (vs gymnastics) | |
| Gymnastics | 9.1 ± 5.39 | ||
| Docherty,8 2006 | Control (total) | 10.7 ± 3.2 | 1.09 (−0.07, 2.25) (total) |
| Unstable (total) | 15.7 ± 6.0 | ||
| Stances | |||
| Tandem foam | 0.80 (0.29, 1.31) | ||
| Single firm | 0.67 (0.17, 1.16) | ||
| Single foam | 0.82 (0.39, 1.25) | ||
| Guskiewicz,17 2001 | Control (baseline) | 9 ± 4b | 1.0 (−0.39, 2.39) |
| Concussed (D1) | 15 ± 8b | ||
| McCrea,23 2003 | Control (baseline) | 12.73 ± 7.57 | 1.07 (0.16, 2.01) |
| Concussedc | 19 ± 4b | ||
| Iverson,19 2008 | 20-39 years | 10.97 ± 5.05 | |
| 40-49 years | 11.88 ± 5.40 | 0.17 (−0.44, 0.79) (vs 20-39) | |
| 50-54 years | 12.73 ± 6.07 | 0.32 (−0.45, 1.09) (vs 20-39) | |
| 55-59 years | 14.85 ± 7.32 | 0.63 (−0.25, 1.50) (vs 20-39) | |
| 60-64 years | 17.20 ± 7.83 | 1.02 (0.13, 1.90) (vs 20-39) | |
| 65-69 years | 20.38 ± 7.87 | 1.46 (0.43, 2.48) (vs 20-39) | |
| Riemann,32 2000 | Control (D1) | 8.4 ± 4.0 | 1.32 (0.52, 2.13) |
| Concussed (D1) | 17.4 ± 9.6 |
a
Effect sizes were calculated with the following formula: (mean 1 – mean 2) / pooled standard deviation. Confidence intervals were calculated as follows, effect size ± (SE × 1.96), where SE is the standard error of the mean (SE = SD/n-1). Balance Error Scoring System scores are number of errors. D1, day 1 postinjury.
b
Estimation based on graphical data.
c
Immediately after.