Table 3. Racial/Ethnic Difference in Medication Adherence to β-blockers, by Income^*.

Panel A. 6-month Adherence
	Dual Eligible				≤150% FPL				>150% FPL
Race	Unadjusted		Adjusted†		Unadjusted		Adjusted†		Unadjusted		Adjusted†
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Black	0.59	(0.55, 0.63)	0.70	(0.65, 0.75)	0.56	(0.5, 0.63)	0.70	(0.61, 0.80)	0.81	(0.65, 1.01)	0.69	(0.62, 0.77)
Native	0.61	(0.49, 0.77)	0.70	(0.55, 0.9)	0.65	(0.41, 1.03)	0.77	(0.47, 1.26)	0.67	(0.58, 0.76)	0.84	(0.53, 1.33)
Hispanic	0.77	(0.71, 0.83)	0.84	(0.77, 0.92)	0.71	(0.6, 0.84)	0.82	(0.68, 1.00)	0.54	(0.49, 0.6)	0.77	(0.66, 0.89)
Asian	0.90	(0.8, 1.03)	0.82	(0.72, 0.95)	0.80	(0.56, 1.15)	0.73	(0.49, 1.08)	0.77	(0.47, 1.26)	0.85	(0.68, 1.07)
White	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference
Panel B. 1-year Adherence
	Dual Eligible				≤150% FPL				>150% FPL
Race	Unadjusted		Adjusted †		Unadjusted		Adjusted †		Unadjusted		Adjusted †
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Black	0.57	(0.54, 0.62)	0.70	(0.65, 0.76)	0.53	(0.47, 0.61)	0.64	(0.55, 0.74)	0.51	(0.45, 0.57)	0.65	(0.57, 0.73)
Native	0.61	(0.48, 0.78)	0.71	(0.55, 0.91)	0.57	(0.36, 0.92)	0.75	(0.45, 1.24)	0.66	(0.43, 1.03)	0.76	(0.48, 1.21)
Hispanic	0.71	(0.66, 0.77)	0.79	(0.72, 0.87)	0.65	(0.55, 0.78)	0.75	(0.61, 0.92)	0.69	(0.6, 0.8)	0.82	(0.7, 0.95)
Asian	0.87	(0.76, 0.99)	0.78	(0.68, 0.9)	0.97	(0.67, 1.42)	0.86	(0.57, 1.31)	0.91	(0.72, 1.15)	0.99	(0.78, 1.26)
White	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference

^*Bold denote statistically significant at p-value <0.05.

^†“Adjusted” models were adjusted for all covariates except for income as discussed in the Statistical Analysis section.