Table 1.
Baseline prognostic factors | Prognostic factors post-treatment | Predictive factors |
---|---|---|
Performance status | PSA declines | None validated |
Visceral metastatic disease | Pain improvements | |
Anemia | Quality-of-life improvements | |
Alkaline phosphatase (bone) | Change in CTC count (≥5 to <5) | |
Pain | PSA PFS | |
PSA and PSA by RT-PCR | Radiographic PFS | |
PSA kinetics | Induction of immunity to tumor antigens (sipuleucel-T) | |
Circulating tumor cell count | ||
Lactate dehydrogenase | ||
Albumin | ||
Type of progression (bone, measurable disease, PSA only) | ||
No. of sites of disease | ||
Age | ||
VEGF levels | ||
Interleukin-6 levels | ||
Chromogranin-A | ||
C-reactive protein | ||
Serum TRAP-5b and other bone turnover markers (sCTX, P1NP, others) | ||
Gleason sum in primary | ||
Urine N-telopeptide |
PSA = prostate-specific antigen; CTC = circulating tumor cell; RT-PCR = reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; PFS = progression-free survival; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; TRAP = tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; sCTX = serum type 1 C-telopeptide; P1NP = procollagen-1 N-terminal telopeptide.