Table 3.
Variation in geometric mean malaria parasitaemia density with age, gender, ethnicity and location across the major clinical subgroups
| Parameters | N | All subjects | N | CM | n | SMA | n | UM | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| < 60 |
642 |
10,451 |
40 |
8,940 |
177 |
10,089 |
120 |
6,791 |
0.415 |
| ≥ 60 |
159 |
5,998 |
8 |
6,978 |
27 |
2,037 |
68 |
8,954♣ |
0.046 |
| P value |
|
0.013 |
|
0.831 |
|
0.001 |
|
0.504 |
|
| Gender |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Male |
472 |
7,773 |
22 |
7,968 |
110 |
7,636 |
126 |
4,405 |
0.223 |
| Female |
421 |
10,293 |
26 |
9,130 |
121 |
7,862 |
102 |
11,592 |
0.582 |
| P value |
|
0.087 |
|
0.876 |
|
0.835 |
|
0.007 |
|
| Ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Bantu |
360 |
9,134 |
21 |
6,246 |
90 |
7,962 |
96 |
7,638 |
0.927 |
| Semi-Bantu |
391 |
11,171 |
23 |
10,993 |
103 |
9,670 |
79 |
10,194 |
0.973 |
| Foulbe |
30 |
9,387 |
2 |
4,205 |
5 |
1,336 |
5 |
13,402 |
0.522 |
| P value |
|
0.539 |
|
0.789 |
|
0.156 |
|
0.738 |
|
| Location |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Centre |
162 |
17,640‡ |
5 |
9,908 |
60 |
10,336 |
20 |
43,031§ |
0.014 |
| Littoral |
281 |
7,292 |
32 |
6,296 |
58 |
5,243 |
18 |
7,385 |
0.873 |
| South West |
452 |
7,836 |
11 |
19,756 |
113 |
8,136 |
190 |
5,540 |
0.161 |
| P value |
|
0.001 |
|
0.547 |
|
0.258 |
|
0.005 |
|
| Transmission |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Seasonal |
162 |
17,640 |
5 |
9,908 |
60 |
10,336 |
20 |
43,031§ |
0.014 |
| Perennial |
733 |
7,623 |
43 |
8,435 |
171 |
7,010 |
208 |
5,686 |
0.555 |
| P value | <0.001 | 0.910 | 0.296 | 0.001 |
Each participant has been categorised into one group only which clinicians felt was the primary phenotype; ♣Significantly higher than the corresponding values for SMA (P = 0.035).
§Significantly higher than the corresponding values for SMA (P = 0.006) and patients from the South West region (P = 0.004).
‡Significantly higher than the corresponding values for the Littoral (P = 0.001) and South West regions (P = 0.002).
Each participant has been categorised into one group only which clinicians felt was the primary phenotype; Samples numbers in some of the clinical groups are lower because some parameter estimates were not taken.