Fig 1.

Serum concentrations of cytokines and chemokines in rhesus monkeys following vaccination with Ad vectors. Rhesus monkeys (n = 4 to 8 per group) were injected i.m. with 3 × 10¹⁰ vp of Ad5, Ad35, Ad26, Ad48, or Ad5HVR48 vector. Sera were collected on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 28 following vaccination, and systemic levels of cytokines and chemokines were measured by Luminex and ELISAs. (A) Systemic levels of selected cytokines are shown with colored lines, with means shown with black lines. Groups are compared by fold changes over the baseline compared with Ad5. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. (B) Mean fold induction of all cytokine responses relative to the baseline by the various Ad vectors in rhesus monkeys 1 day (left) and 7 days (right) following immunization. Data are fold changes over the averaged baseline. GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; EGF, epidermal growth factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; MIF, macrophage migration inhibitory factor; MDC, macrophage-derived chemokine; MIG, monokine induced by gamma interferon; TGFα, transforming growth factor alpha.