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(a) Bacteria
| Mechanism | Viral evasion strategy | Virus protein |
|---|---|---|
| CRISPER | Genetic variation of DNA | DNA polymerase [26] |
| Psp-induced signaling | Unknown (Psp genetic variation) | Unknown |
| Restriction/methylation | Methylation of viral target DNA | Acquired bacterial methylase [26] |
| Apoptosis | Lysogeny/tolerance | Phage lysis gene regulation [27] |
