Figure 2.

Details of the composite finite-element mesh for compression of cells in 3D hydrogels. The cell is modeled as a spherical inclusion within the gel such that the entire 3D model has rotational symmetry. Roller boundary conditions were applied to the bottom of the compression platen, with frictionless contact between the gel and the platen. The bottom of the construct was fixed in the vertical direction and the displacement was applied on the top of the construct. The symmetric boundary condition was applied at the center lines of the cell and 3D scaffold.