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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Sep 19.
Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Jun 13;1781(9):571–581. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2008.06.003

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

The effects of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and serum on the early phenotypic modulation (PM) of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Rings from thoracic aortas of wild-type (WT) mice were cultured in serum-free base medium, base medium plus 3 µM LPA (18:1), or base medium plus 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 0–24 h prior to RNA extraction. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to assess mRNA levels of the VSMC-specific marker genes. Values are means ± SEM for 3 replicates.