Figure 2.

Steps for preparation of bovine trabecular bone cores for ex vivo studies using the Zetos three-dimensional bone bioreactor: (A) bone core with marrow removed and a hole in the center drilled with a surgical Kirschner wire; (B) drug-releasing implant, based on a titanium (Ti) wire with titania nanotube (TNT) arrays on the surface, embedded in the center of the bone; (C) the bone core with implant placed inside the chamber with the same orientation (angle) to the flow of prelusion medium into the bone; (D) diagram of bone core showing inserted implant in the middle and the directions (with different axes) used to monitor drug concentration.

Note: In this work, only drug distribution from the central point of the implant (0) at the bottom vertical plane (x-z) and the horizontal plane (x-y) is presented.