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. 2012 Sep 19;7(9):e44634. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044634

Figure 7. Bivariate and conditional Granger causality.

Figure 7

A: Pairwise GC from the brain to the cardiac activity and B: GC from the brain to the cardiac activity conditional on the respiration for one rat from the KX group. The significant causality in A disappears in B, which means the causality from the brain to the cardiac activity is likely to be mediated by respiration during the deep stage of anesthesia.