Table 2. Incidence of and/or deaths from cancer in the randomized placebo-controlled trials of fibrates.
| Study | Incident cancer, n (%*) | Cancer deaths, n (%*) | ||||||||||
| Fibrate | Placebo | RR | 95% CI | Fibrate | Placebo | RR | 95% CI | |||||
| ACCORD [21], 2010 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 57 | (2.06) | 58 | (2.11) | 0.98 | (0.68–1.40) |
| BECAIT [22], 1996 | 1 | (2.13) | 1 | (2.22) | 0.96 | (0.06–14.85) | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | 0.96 | (0.02–47.30) |
| Begg Study [23], 1971 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | 1.04 | (0.02–51.71) |
| BIP [24], 2000 | 85 | (5.49) | 91 | (5.90) | 0.93 | (0.70–1.24) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CDP [25], 1975 | 32 | (2.90) | 79 | (2.83) | 1.02 | (0.68–1.54) | 10 | (0.91) | 24 | (0.86) | 1.05 | (0.51–2.20) |
| DAIS [26], 2001 | 5 | (2.42) | 7 | (3.32) | 0.73 | (0.23–2.26) | 0 | (0.00) | 3 | (1.42) | 0.15 | (0.01–2.80)** |
| DIS [27], 1991 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | (0.53) | 3 | (0.79) | 0.67 | (0.11–4.00) |
| FIELD [28], 2005 | 393 | (8.03) | 373 | (7.61) | 1.05 | (0.92–1.21) | 168 | (3.43) | 148 | (3.02) | 1.14 | (0.91–1.41) |
| HHS [29], 1987 | 25 | (1.22) | 29 | (1.43) | 0.86 | (0.50–1.46) | 10 | (0.49) | 11 | (0.54) | 0.90 | (0.38–2.12) |
| HHS ancillary [30], 1993 | 5 | (1.61) | 4 | (1.26) | 1.27 | (0.35–4.70) | 0 | (0.00) | 2 | (0.63) | 0.20 | (0.01–4.23) |
| LEADER [31], 2002 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 47 | (6.00) | 47 | (5.99) | 1.00 | (0.68–1.48) |
| LOCAT [32], 1997 | 3 | (1.52) | 7 | (3.54) | 0.43 | (0.11–1.64) | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | 1.01 | (0.02–50.41) |
| NEWCASTLE [33], 1971 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | (1.23) | 1 | (0.40) | 3.11 | (0.33–29.70) |
| SCOTTISH [34], 1971 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3 | (0.86) | 5 | (1.36) | 0.63 | (0.15–2.61) |
| SENDCAP [35], 1998 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0 | (0.00) | 0 | (0.00) | 1.02 | (0.02–51.02) |
| VA HIT [36], 1999 | 125 | (9.89) | 138 | (10.89) | 0.91 | (0.72–1.14) | 45 | (3.56) | 51 | (4.03) | 0.88 | (0.60–1.31) |
| WHO [3], 1978 | 106 | (1.99) | 85 | (1.60) | 1.24 | (0.93–1.64) | 40 | (0.75) | 24 | (0.45) | 1.66 | (1.00–2.74) |
Crude rates;
Reported in Saha et al. [43].
Abbreviations: ACCORD, Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes; BECAIT, Bezafibrate Coronary Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial; BIP, Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention; CDP, Coronary Drug Project; DAIS, Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study; DIS, Diabetes Intervention Study; FIELD, Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes; HHS, Helsinki Heart Study; LEADER, Lower Extremity Arterial Disease Event Reduction; LOCAT, Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial; SENDCAP, St. Mary’s, Ealing, Northwick Park Diabetes Cardiovascular Disease Prevention; VA HIT, Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial; WHO, World Health Organization; RR, relative risk (risk ratio); CI, confidence interval.