Table 1.

Definitions of Set Theoretical Concepts

Concept	Membership Function (Anchor Points)*
Quality outcomes
Optimal diabetes care	Calibration (36,26,16)
Preventive services up-to-date	Calibration (79,68,54)
Picker “would recommend” problem score	Calibration (28,17,6)
PPC-RS domains
Provider reporting	Calibration (100,67,33)
Information tracking	Calibration (100,74.9,50)
Preventive services systems	Calibration (100, 67,33)
Chronic care systems	Calibration (96,62,28)
Chronic care systems–diabetes items only	Calibration (100,71,42)
Teamwork processes	Calibration (77,46,15)
Teamwork processes–diabetes items only	Calibration (100,62,25)
Patient-centered care processes	Calibration (100,66,32)
Patient-centered care processes–diabetes items only	Calibration (100,64,27)
Total diabetes score (sum of all diabetes PPC items)	Calibration (95,66,37)
Other picker items
Picker “received enough info” problem score	Calibration (28,17,6)
Picker “timely test results” problem score	Calibration (28,17,6)
Communication problems	= minimum(enough information, timely results)
Comorbidity
Clinic average body mass index	Calibration (31,29.8,28.6)
Clinic average count drugs ordered per patient per year	Calibration (10,7.5,5.5)
Clinic characteristics
Clinic size (number of patients)	Calibration (15,000,10,000,5,000)
Percent female patients	Calibration (75,61,55)
Percent patients with age ≥65	Calibration (33,25,10)
Combination of female or senior patients	= maximum(female, seniors)
Socioeconomic factors
Mean percent of families below poverty	Calibration (12,7,5)
Mean percent of patients without high school education	Calibration (19,10,6)
Mean percent of patients with English preference	Calibration (95,90,80)
Mean percent of patients from urban area	Calibration (95,85,50)
Mean percent of nonwhite patients	Calibration (50,25,10)
Low socioeconomic status	= minimum(below poverty, no high school, nonwhite)

^*Anchor points are given in the following order: fully in, point of maximum ambiguity, fully out.