Table 4.

Association between weekly non-milk extrinsic sugar (NMES) intake at 81 months and behavioural problems at 97 months

	Total difficulties (n=4242 / 3461)‡		Hyperactivity (n=3933 / 3221)‡		Emotional symptoms (n=4155 / 3366)‡		Conduct problems (n=3672 / 2991)‡		Peer problems (n=4116 / 3357)‡		Pro-social behaviour (n=4291 / 3478)‡
	OR* (95% CI)	P value	OR* (95% CI)	P value	OR* (95% CI)	P value	OR* (95% CI)	P value	OR* (95% CI)	P value	OR* (95% CI)	P value
Predictor – NMES intake at 81 months:
Unadjusted	1.10 (1.03,1.17)	0.01	1.02 (0.95,1.09)	0.59	1.00 (0.94,1.06)	0.95	1.07 (1.01,1.13)	0.03	1.04 (0.99,1.10)	0.15	1.01 (0.95,1.07)	0.81
Adjusted for baseline SDQ score	1.05 (0.98,1.13)	0.15	1.01 (0.94,1.08)	0.87	0.99 (0.93,1.05)	0.73	1.05 (0.99,1.12)	0.12	1.03 (0.97,1.09)	0.31	1.01 (0.95,1.07)	0.80
Adjusted for all confounders†	1.04 (0.97,1.12)	0.29	0.99 (0.92,1.07)	0.86	0.98 (0.92,1.05)	0.57	1.04 (0.98,1.11)	0.21	1.01 (0.96,1.07)	0.66	0.98 (0.91,1.04)	0.48
Adjusted for all confounders† in subset with data on IQ	1.03 (0.94,1.12)	0.58	1.01 (0.93,1.10)	0.80	0.99 (0.92,1.07)	0.83	1.03 (0.95,1.11)	0.47	1.02 (0.95,1.09)	0.57	0.96 (0.89,1.04)	0.30
Adjusted for all confounders† and for IQ	1.02 (0.93,1.11)	0.66	1.01 (0.92,1.10)	0.87	0.98 (0.91,1.06)	0.61	1.03 (0.95,1.11)	0.47	1.01 (0.95,1.08)	0.71	0.95 (0.88,1.03)	0.24

^*Odds ratio represents increase in odds of behavioural problems per 100g increase in weekly NMES intake

^†Confounding variables in model are: baseline SDQ score; gender; weight and gestation at birth; maternal smoking status during pregnancy; maternal age at delivery; maternal education; parental social class; housing tenure and crowding; family car use; family income and financial difficulties score; single parent; maternal anxiety and depression scores

^‡The higher n is for the first three rows; the lower n is for the bottom two rows including IQ