Table 2.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency and deficiency in the non-AUD and AUD groups, and comparisons between groups.
| Group | Males | Females | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| non-AUD | AUD | non-AUD | AUD | non-AUD | AUD | |
| Biochemistry | Median (IQR) | |||||
| s-25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 25.7 * | 22.0 * | 26.1 | 20.0 | 25.2 | 22.4 |
| (18.7–31.1) | (18.2–25.9) | (18.7–31.3) | (15.8–25.7) | (18.2–30.6) | (19.0–25.9) | |
| Categories of vitamin D status | Percentage n | |||||
| Vitamin D sufficiency | 29.6 ** | 11.2 ** | 32.3 | 11.8 | 27.7 | 10.9 |
| s-25(OH)D: ≥30 ng/mL | 24 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 13 | 5 |
| Vitamin D insufficiency | 28.4 ** | 40.0 ** | 26.5 | 50.0 | 29.8 | 32.6 |
| s-25(OH)D: 20 to 29.9 ng/mL | 23 | 32 | 9 | 17 | 14 | 15 |
| Vitamin D deficiency | 42.0 ** | 48.8 ** | 41.2 | 38.2 | 42.5 | 56.5 |
| s-25(OH)D: <20 ng/mL | 34 | 39 | 14 | 13 | 20 | 26 |
Abbreviations: AUD: alcohol use disorders; IQR: interquartile range; s-25(OH)D: serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D; ng/mL: nanograms per millilitre; Notes: All variables had skewed distributions thus medians are reported with interquartile range (IQR) in parenthesis; n-values: non-AUD n = 81 (n = 34 males and n = 47 females); AUD n = 80 (n = 34 males and n = 46 females); * Significant differences between groups in s-25(OH)D (p = 0.038), using multilevel mixed-effects linear regression, adjusting for gender, smoking status and vitamin D intake; ** Significant differences between groups in frequencies of adolescents with sufficient, insufficient and deficient vitamin D status (p = 0.013), using Chi-square test.