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. 2012 Aug;166(8):2212–2227. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01910.x

Figure 1.

Figure 1

AGEs dose-dependently induced gene expression of RAGE in HSCs in vitro. (A) HSCs were transfected with the rage promoter luciferase reporter plasmid pRAGE-Luc. After overnight recovery, cells were serum-deprived for 4 h before the treatment with AGEs at different doses in serum-depleted media for an additional 24 h. Luciferase activity assays were conducted (n = 6). *P < 0.05, versus untreated control cells (first column). The floating inset denotes the pRAGE-Luc construct in use and the application of AGEs to the system. (B and C) HSCs were serum-deprived in serum-free DMEM for 24 h prior to the stimulation with AGEs at different doses in serum-depleted media for an additional 24 h. Total RNA and whole cell lysates were prepared. (B) Real- time PCR analyses. Values were presented as mRNA fold changes (mean ± SD, n ≥ 3). *P < 0.05, versus the untreated control (first column). (C) Western blotting analyses. Representatives were from three independent experiments. β-Tubulin was used as an internal control for equal loading. Italic numbers beneath the upper blot were fold changes (mean ± SD) in the densities of the bands compared with the untreated control in the blot (n = 3), after normalization with the internal invariable control.