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Role of corticotropin-releasing factor in dependence
| Drug | CRF antagonist effects on withdrawal-induced anxiety-like responses | Withdrawal-induced changes in extracellular CRF in CeA | CRF antagonist effects on dependence-induced increases in self-administration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cocaine | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ |
| Opioids | ↓a | ↑ | ↓ |
| Ethanol | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ |
| Nicotine | ↓ | ↑ | ↓ |
| Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol | ↓ | ↑ | nt |
Aversive effects with place conditioning
nt, not tested
CeA, central nucleus of the amygdala
