Table 1. Summary of FRET biosensors developed.
FRET biosensor | Detects | Family | Inducer of gene expression (fold change)1 | Core SBP | Best structural model | Parent vector | Plasmid | ΔFRET on saturation (%) | Ligand bound | Kd (M) |
SMb20036-CY | quinic acid | TRAP | D-quinic acid (8.7) | E27- | Class II/ | pCYS | pLMB229 | −4.7±0.4 | D-quinic acid | 5.9±1.1×10−9 |
Q338 | cluster E | shikimic acid | 1.0±2.7×10−4 | |||||||
SMb20712-CY | myo-inositol | ABC;CUT2 | myo-inositol (6.4) | E22- | Class I/ | pCYS | pLMB319 | 4.7±0.7 | myo-inositol | 4.7±2.5×10−7 |
N309 | cluster B | |||||||||
SMc02324-CY/ | L-rhamnose | ABC;CUT2 | L-rhamnose (>6.2) | E25- | Class I/ | pCYS | pLMB291 | −5.5±0.4 | L-rhamnose | 7.3±1.3×10−9 |
SMc02324-RO | erythritol (>6.2) | F329 | cluster B | L-fucose | 1.1±0.2×10−5 | |||||
pROS | pLMB523 | 6.4±0.5 | L-rhamnose | 6.9±1.4×10−9 | ||||||
L-fucose | 1.9±0.5×10−5 | |||||||||
SMc02774-CY | L-fucose | ABC;CUT2 | D-fucose (6.7) | Q33- | Class I/ | pCYS | pLMB292 | −4.2±0.4 | L-fucose | 3.6±1.7×10−9 |
pyruvate (4.9) | N329 | cluster B | L-rhamnose | 1.6±0.6×10−6 | ||||||
L-fucose (4.2) | ||||||||||
SMc04259-CY | β-diglucosides | ABC;CUT1 | gentiobiose (19) | T24- | Class I/ | pCYS | pLMB345 | 2.1±0.2 | cellobiose | 3.3±0.9×10−8 |
D441 | cluster B | gentiobiose | 5.3±2.1×10−8 | |||||||
RL2376-CY | D-galactose | ABC;CUT2 | D-arabinose (3.6) | A31- | Class I/ | pCYS | pLMB394 | 5.2±0.4 | D-galactose | 5.3±1.7×10−6 |
D-galactose (2.6) | Y327 | cluster B | ||||||||
rcc03024-CY | C4- | TRAP | NA | E27- | Class II/ | pCYS | pLMB414 | −2.7±0.2 | succinate | 3.6±0.7×10−8 |
dicarboxylates | E333 | cluster E | fumarate | 5.8±1.2×10−8 | ||||||
L-malate | 7.0±1.4×10−8 | |||||||||
oxaloacetate | 1.6±0.6×10−5 |
Inducer of gene expression is taken from [9]. NA: not applicable.