Table 2. The N = 16 sampling locations with geographic coordinates, environmental variables, species richness and individual numbers.
Location | °N | °E | NPP | T | R | PETmin | Natural habitat | Disturbed habitat | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
type | Sa | Sc | Sh | Sf | Sher | Scar | Na | Nc | Nh | Nf | Nher | Ncar | type | Sa | Sc | Sh | Sf | Sher | Scar | Na | Nc | Nh | Nf | Nher | Ncar | |||||||
Berkshire (United Kingdom) | 51.5 | −1.3 | 0.53 | 9.6 | 726 | 13.7 | scrub | 63 | 47 | 5 | 9 | 19 | 105 | 896 | 201 | 17 | 842 | 88 | 1868 | cereal | 28 | 35 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 64 | 298 | 588 | 13 | 3 | 11 | 891 |
Bern (Switzerland) | 47.0 | 7.4 | 0.63 | 8.4 | 888 | 0.0 | forest | 30 | 30 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 58 | 199 | 314 | 2 | 19 | 12 | 522 | cereal | 23 | 41 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 60 | 763 | 1219 | 6 | 19 | 30 | 1977 |
Cluj (Romania) | 46.7 | 23.9 | 0.56 | 9.1 | 517 | 0.0 | scrub | 48 | 41 | 20 | 14 | 32 | 91 | 255 | 113 | 37 | 694 | 59 | 1040 | cereal | 31 | 13 | 15 | 12 | 19 | 52 | 96 | 29 | 20 | 142 | 26 | 261 |
Galway (Republic of Ireland) | 53.2 | −8.8 | 0.55 | 9.8 | 1066 | 18.9 | scrub | 41 | 67 | 16 | 4 | 29 | 98 | 291 | 556 | 46 | 52 | 259 | 686 | grass | 31 | 61 | 5 | 1 | 16 | 82 | 201 | 542 | 5 | 15 | 129 | 634 |
Garraf (Spain) | 41.3 | 1.8 | 0.60 | 15.1 | 611 | 18.6 | forest | 14 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 24 | 67 | 5 | 2 | 58 | 4 | 128 | cereal | 27 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 37 | 114 | 5 | 25 | 295 | 15 | 424 |
Göttingen (Germany) | 51.4 | 9.6 | 0.57 | 8.7 | 749 | 1.1 | forest | 30 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 57 | 176 | 511 | 0 | 0 | 44 | 643 | cereal | 27 | 40 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 64 | 377 | 317 | 12 | 0 | 19 | 687 |
Île-de-France (France) | 48.6 | 2.0 | 0.61 | 11.0 | 625 | 11.4 | forest | 22 | 30 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 55 | 180 | 178 | 12 | 110 | 23 | 457 | cereal | 26 | 45 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 68 | 278 | 1407 | 4 | 0 | 51 | 1638 |
Kraków (Poland) | 50.0 | 19.8 | 0.66 | 8.3 | 578 | 0.0 | scrub | 43 | 26 | 9 | 7 | 17 | 68 | 237 | 392 | 13 | 781 | 350 | 1073 | grass | 41 | 44 | 13 | 3 | 26 | 75 | 467 | 185 | 105 | 144 | 133 | 768 |
Lesvos (Greece) | 39.2 | 26.5 | 0.39 | 16.2 | 633 | 13.8 | grass | 27 | 5 | 8 | 17 | 10 | 47 | 145 | 7 | 29 | 820 | 31 | 970 | olive | 33 | 21 | 14 | 11 | 19 | 59 | 143 | 92 | 44 | 1199 | 45 | 1433 |
Meolo (Italy) | 45.9 | 12.4 | 0.64 | 13.1 | 1107 | 5.5 | grass | 20 | 23 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 53 | 52 | 87 | 6 | 50 | 6 | 189 | grass | 28 | 28 | 16 | 8 | 20 | 60 | 131 | 117 | 62 | 943 | 68 | 1185 |
Silkeborg (Denmark) | 56.2 | 9.7 | 0.55 | 7.7 | 674 | 1.1 | forest | 54 | 42 | 10 | 4 | 16 | 93 | 612 | 324 | 17 | 67 | 166 | 854 | cereal | 40 | 69 | 8 | 3 | 14 | 106 | 460 | 974 | 36 | 16 | 66 | 1420 |
Tartu (Estonia) | 59.1 | 26.2 | 0.51 | 5.0 | 485 | 0.0 | forest | 23 | 32 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 49 | 189 | 182 | 3 | 4 | 38 | 340 | cereal | 24 | 44 | 11 | 0 | 17 | 62 | 378 | 1096 | 26 | 0 | 39 | 1461 |
Toledo (Spain) | 39.4 | −4.0 | 0.48 | 13.4 | 527 | 9.2 | scrub | 25 | 14 | 16 | 24 | 18 | 61 | 128 | 50 | 141 | 1799 | 143 | 1975 | cereal | 24 | 16 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 47 | 133 | 69 | 16 | 358 | 20 | 556 |
Uppsala (Sweden) | 59.8 | 17.5 | 0.53 | 5.8 | 403 | 0.0 | scrub | 25 | 26 | 19 | 9 | 21 | 58 | 141 | 124 | 84 | 266 | 86 | 529 | cereal | 16 | 20 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 35 | 327 | 220 | 9 | 1 | 9 | 548 |
Vilnius (Lithuania) | 54.8 | 25.0 | 0.55 | 6.5 | 519 | 0.0 | forest | 46 | 41 | 12 | 4 | 12 | 91 | 552 | 246 | 29 | 497 | 29 | 1295 | cereal | 29 | 89 | 18 | 4 | 34 | 106 | 806 | 2401 | 140 | 46 | 135 | 3258 |
Wien (Austria) | 48.6 | 15.7 | 0.64 | 8.7 | 543 | 0.0 | forest | 30 | 46 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 79 | 193 | 386 | 5 | 247 | 19 | 812 | cereal | 30 | 58 | 16 | 6 | 15 | 95 | 887 | 837 | 37 | 16 | 36 | 1741 |
Environmental variables: primary productivity (NPP; in kg C per m2 per year), annual mean temperature (T; in °C), annual rainfall (R; in mm), minimal potential evapotranspiration (PETmin; in mm). Species richness (S) and individual numbers (N) per habitat with subscripts as in Table 1.