Table 1.

miRNAs associated with CTCF.

miRNA	Expression	Target genes	Association with CTCF	References
miR-125b1	Decreased in human cancers including glioblastoma, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer and breast cancer	EST1, ERBB2, ERBB3, Bak1	In breast cancer cells, disruption of CTCF binding at the miR-125b1 CpG island correlated with DNA methylation and methylation of histone H3K9 and K27 induces silencing of miR-125b1 expression	Scott et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2011; Soto-Reyes et al., 2012
miR-375	Overexpressed in ERα-positive breast cancer cells	RASD1	In ERα-positive breast cancer cells, miR-375 overexpression was caused by dissociation of CTCF from the miR-375 promoter via loss of epigenetic marks including local DNA hypomethylation and histone H3 K9 methylation	de Souza Rocha Simonini et al., 2010
miR-290 cluster	miR-290 cluster (miR-290, -291a, -292, -291b, -293, -294 and -295) have been identified as ESC-specific/pluripotency-associated miRNAs	Rbl2	CTCF binds to intragenic enhancer region within the early embryonic miRNA cluster (EEmiRC) and modulates the expression of the EEmiRC	Houbaviy et al., 2003, 2005; Benetti et al., 2008; Chen et al., 2008; Sinkkonen et al., 2008; Judson et al., 2009; Tata et al., 2011