Fig 5.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is involved in HIV-1 internalization in activated MDMs. MDMs were differentiated for 7 days; either left untreated (M0), treated with IFN-γ (20 ng/ml) and LPS (100 ng/ml) (M1), or treated with IL-4 (20 ng/ml) (M2a) for 72 h; washed; and then pretreated with CPZ or the equivalent amount of the drug vehicle alone (i.e., ethanol) for 30 min. Cells were then allowed to internalize equal amounts of NL4-3Balenv, NL4-3env⁻, NL4-3env⁻VSV-G, or NL4-3env⁻/JRFLenv virus (standardized in terms of p24) for 2.5 h at 37°C. After a 5-min trypsin treatment to remove membrane-bound viruses, cell lysis was performed. The total intracellular p24 content was quantified by an ELISA and normalized for cell viability (Cellular viability test on uninfected cells). Results are expressed as percentages of the intracellular p24 level compared to that of transporter-treated cells (100%) and represent mean values (triplicate samples) of several independent experiments (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01). Each symbol represents MDMs for one specific blood donor, and identical symbols are linked to the same donor in the different panels.