TABLE 3.
BSP Association With Sample Characteristics, by Number of Time Points With Reported BSPs
| No. of Time Points With a BSP | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| N | 6522 | 2527 | 1366 | 780 | 272 |
| Maternal characteristics | |||||
| Smoked during pregnancy, any, %*** | 19.9 | 25.7 | 27.8 | 31.0 | 30.7 |
| Alcohol during pregnancy, any, %* | 54.3 | 54.6 | 58.5 | 58.4 | 53.2 |
| Age at delivery, mean y (SD)*** | 28.61 (4.78) | 28.09 (4.84) | 27.94 (5.05) | 27.6 (4.89) | 27.96 (4.72) |
| Breastfed this child, ever, % | 77.2 | 76.6 | 74.7 | 73.4 | 73.8 |
| Child characteristics | |||||
| Gender, male, % | 50.8 | 53.5 | 51.0 | 52.4 | 50 |
| Race, white, % | 98.0 | 97.7 | 97.5 | 97.1 | 98.5 |
| Premature, <37 wk, % | 4.6 | 4.3 | 6.2 | 5 | 3.3 |
| Low birth weight, <2500 g, %* | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 3.7 |
| Adenoids removed, ever, %** | 6.7 | 7.2 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 7.0 |
| Tonsils removed, ever, % | 4.0 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 4.3 |
| IQ, <80, %*** | 10.6 | 13.2 | 14.6 | 18.1 | 15.1 |
| IQ (mean, SD)*** | 105.76 (16.28) | 103.33 (16.54) | 102.67 (16.27) | 100.99 (16.35) | 101.80 (15.61) |
| Socioeconomic/family characteristics | |||||
| Maternal education, lower, %*** | 60.1 | 63.8 | 65.1 | 71.9 | 75 |
| Paternal employment, manual, %*** | 39.9 | 45.0 | 45.5 | 52.0 | 48.0 |
| Housing, inadequate, %*** | 10.5 | 14.3 | 15.3 | 18.2 | 20.6 |
| Family adversity index, range 0–18, mean (SD)*** | 1.64 (1.81) | 2.03 (2.08) | 2.36 (2.15) | 2.64 (2.39) | 2.87 (2.27) |
| HOME score, mean 0–8, mean (SD) | 5.76 (1.64) | 5.77 (1.66) | 5.75 (1.65) | 5.69 (1.68) | 5.71 (1.79) |
| Parity, ≥1, %*** | 57.5 | 53.5 | 49.9 | 46.8 | 48.9 |
HOME, Home Observation for the Measurement of the Environment.
* P < .05; ** P < .01; *** P < .001.