Table 1.
Descriptive statistics and outcome variables by race in young adults.
| Variable | EA (N = 26) |
AA (N = 26) |
HA (N = 10) |
P value ∗ P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 28 ± 9.9 | 32 ± 10.5 | 28 ± 5.9 | P = 0.36 |
| Females % | 76.9% | 84.6% | 40% | P = 0.02 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.3 ± 3.1 | 25.6 ± 4 | 25.5 ± 3.7 |
P = 0.06 ∗ P = 0.03 a |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 74.7 ± 9.2 | 78.9 ± 10.6 | 83.9 ± 11 | P = 0.05 |
| Percent body fat (%) | 29.1 ± 6.9 | 34.2 ± 8.3 | 31.8 ± 8.5 |
P = 0.06 ∗ P = 0.02 b |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 28.6 ± 8.8 | 15.3 ± 5.5 | 24.2 ± 5.3 |
P = 0.001
∗ P = 0.001 c |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 1.01 ± 0.73 | 2.3 ± 3.2 | 1.04 ± 0.58 |
P = 0.09 ∗ P = 0.05 d |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 64.9 ± 9.2 | 70.1 ± 12.3 | 68.4 ± 7.3 | P = 0.20 |
| Brachial SBP (mm Hg) | 112.3 ± 13.8 | 111.2 ± 14.3 | 113.8 ± 11.2 | P = 0.88 |
| Brachial DBP (mm Hg) | 68.4 ± 7.9 | 68.8 ± 9.1 | 71.3 ± 12.5 | P = 0.7 |
| Aortic SBP (mm Hg) | 99.6 ± 9.6 | 102.9 ± 6.9 | 102.9 ± 11.8 | P = 0.35 |
| Aortic DBP (mm Hg) | 70.4 ± 9.4 | 73.7 ± 6.7 | 77.1 ± 8.5 | P = 0.090 |
| MAP (mm Hg) | 82.4 ± 8.7 | 83.7 ± 10.1 | 85.3 ± 10.5 | P = 0.71 |
| Aortic PP | 29.2 ± 6.7 | 29.3 ± 4.7 | 25.8 ± 4.9 | P = 0.25 |
| FMD (%) | 10.6 ± 3.9 | 8.8 ± 2.8 | 7.8 ± 2.2 |
P = 0.04
∗ P = 0.07 |
| Aix at 75 (%) | 0.74 ± 12.1 | 10.9 ± 8.6 | 2.2 ± 12.3 |
P = 0.005
∗ P = 0.001 e |
| PWV (m/s) | 6.2 ± 0.7 | 7.1 ± 1.1 | 6.5 ± 0.70 |
P = 0.006
∗ P = 0.002 f |
∗∗Bold face values denote significance P < 0.05. P = between 3 races.
∗ P a, b, c, d, e, f = super scripts are significant P values showing differences between AA and EA for post hoc analysis.
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD, categorical variables are expressed as percentage.
Abbreviations: MAP: mean arterial pressure; Aortic PP: aortic pulse pressure; AIx75: augmentation index standardized to a heart rate of 75 beats/min; PWV: pulse wave velocity; FMD: flow-mediated dilation; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure.