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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Gastroenterology. 2012 Jun 13;143(4):1048–1060.e4. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.06.005

Figure 4. Vaccine-induced but not infection induced CD8 T cells secrete multiple cytokines.

Figure 4

(A) The percentage of IFN-γ and/or TNF-α-secreting in the population of tetramer+ CD8 T cells is higher in vaccinated chimpanzees than in control chimpanzees at all studied time points. (B) The percentage of multifunctional IFN-γ/TNF-α-double positive cells in the population of cytokine-secreting HCV-specific CD8 T cells is higher in vaccinated chimpanzees than in control chimpanzees. The selected time points represent the time of HCV-challenge (week 0), peak viral load (weeks 9–11) the time just after HCV clearance (weeks 15–19) and long-term follow up (week 27). The sum of all IFN-γ and/or TNF-α-secreting cells is 100%.