Fig. 4.

Examples of the process of gene rearrangement (A) and rewiring (B and C) of a GTRN. Only WT or synthetic operons regulated by EFs are plotted. (A) WT and rewired E. coli genome maps showing operons regulated by the EFs [nitrogen (blue) and carbon (orange) sources, and oxygen (green)]. (B) Number of TFs regulating the promoters (in the WT or rewired GTRNs) of critical enzymes with rate limiting in the cellular respiration, glycolysis pathway, and nitrogen metabolism. (C) Operons containing TFs affected by some EFs in the WT (Top) and rewired (Lower; see also Fig. S7A) GTRNs. The dashed boxes surrounding genes exemplify the notation.