Table 2.

Liquid media formulations for mass production

Medium	Scale	Features	Reference
Complex liquid media	Bench to pilot	Chicken egg	[69]
Swine kidney/bovine fat	0.5 L	Polyether/urethane sponges	[35]
Lipid culture media	50 mL	Increasing lipids	[66]
Chicken offal	10 L	Paddle-stirred	[54]
Nutrient roux	0.25 L	Polyurethane foam; soy flour	[12]
Modified wouts’ 1	20 L	Air lift	[69]
Modified wouts’ 2	20 and 500 L	Milk powder	[69]
Liquid culture medium	5 L	Increased aeration rates	[37]
Liquid nematode media	10 L	Variable agitation rates; egg yolks	[16]
Nematode growth media	0.5–2 L	Cholesterol, liver extract,	[12]
Liquid chicken extract	2 and 10 L, predicted 30 L	Culture stabilizer; biological buffer	(unpublished data)