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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Sep 28.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS. 2007 Jul 31;21(12):1579–1589. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3281532b31

Table 2.

Multivariate analysis of change in log HIV-RNA level one year after starting antiretroviral therapy.

Base case
 With propensity
 With adherence
Effect P value Effect P value Effect P value
Nevirapine based 0.22 0.002 0.21 0.003 0.24 0.001
Single protease inhibitor based 0.45 <0.001 0.44 <0.001 0.44 <0.001
Boosted protease inhibitor baseda 0.32 <0.001 0.31 <0.001 0.27 0.001
Triple nucleoside based 0.36 <0.001 0.35 <0.001 0.40 <0.001
Other based 0.49 <0.001 0.49 <0.001 0.48 <0.001
Current illicit drug use, compared with none 0.13 0.003 0.12 0.006 0.10 0.018
African-American, compared with Caucasian 0.17 <0.001 0.17 <0.001 0.10 0.014
Hispanic, compared with Caucasian 0.19 0.007 0.24 0.002 0.18 0.010
Other, compared with Caucasian 0.05 0.442 0.07 0.294 −0.06 0.348
Baseline log HIV-RNA, per log unit −0.80 <0.001 −0.79 <0.001 −0.80 <0.001
Baseline CD4 cell count, per 100 cells/μl −0.06 <0.001 −0.06 <0.001 −0.06 <0.001
Start in 1998, compared with ≤1997 −0.30 <0.001 −0.29 <0.001 −0.30 <0.001
Start in 1999, compared with ≤1997 −0.30 <0.001 −0.16 0.124 −0.28 <0.001
Start in 2000, compared with ≤1997 −0.45 <0.001 −0.24 0.136 −0.38 <0.001
Start in ≥2001, compared with ≤1997 −0.49 <0.001 −0.29 0.059 −0.43 <0.001
Stavudine/lamivudine backbone, compared with zidovudine/lamivudine 0.09 0.011 0.09 0.013 0.08 0.033
Other backbone, compared with zidovudine/lamivudine 0.20 <0.001 0.19 <0.001 0.19 <0.001
Propensity score NAb 0.53 0.153 NAb
Adherence 60–80%, compared with 80–100% NAc NAc 0.01 0.784
Adherence 40–60%, compared with 80–100% 0.21 <0.001
Adherence 20–40%, compared with 80–100% 0.64 <0.001
Adherence 0–20%, compared with 80–100% 0.94 <0.001

Efavirenz-based therapy is the referent category. Positive values correspond to smaller reductions in log HIV-RNA levels and are therefore less favorable. Results from three different models are displayed; the first does not adjust for the likelihood of being prescribed efavirenz nor levels of adherence (Base case), the second uses propensity scores to adjust for confounding by treatment selection (With propensity), and the third adjusts for the level of medication regimen adherence (With adherence).

a

Older boosted protease inhibitors (PI): 0.34, P<0.001 (base case), 0.33, P<0.001 (with propensity), 0.28, P=0.001 (with adherence). Newer boosted PI: 0.27, P=0.058 (base case), 0.26, P=0.065 (with propensity), 0.24, P=0.100 (with adherence).

b

Not applicable because analysis did not attempt to control for propensity.

c

Not applicable because analysis did not attempt to control for adherence.