FIGURE 1.
MP-12 infection caused phosphorylation of p65 by the classical pathway. A, HSAECs were infected with MP-12 or UV-inactivated MP-12 virus and analyzed for phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα by Western blot analysis. Mock-infected cells were maintained alongside as negative controls. Total p65 and β-actin Western blots were carried out as controls. B, extent of phosphorylation of p65 was quantified by averaging signal intensities observed in three different experiments after infection by MP-12 or UV-MP-12 virus. Phosphorylation is represented as -fold increase over that of uninfected cells. h.p.i., (hours post-infection). C, phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα after infection by wild type MP-12 virus, NSs mutant (rMP-12-NSdel), and NSm mutant (arMP-12-del21/384) were analyzed by Western blot. Total p65 and β-actin levels were analyzed as controls. D, intracellular RNA levels of MP-12 virus or the NSs and NSm mutant viruses were determined by qRT-PCR using total RNA extracted from infected cells at 6 h post-infection.