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. 2012 Jul 28;2:35. doi: 10.1186/2110-5820-2-35

Table 1.

Pharmacokinetic parameters of selected beta-lactam antibiotics in critically ill patients without renal dysfunction

Antibiotic Patients Dose Vd (l/kg) CL (ml/min) T½(h) Cmax(mg/ml) AUC (mg·h/L) MIC targeted (mg/L) PD target achieved Reference
Cefepime
 12
 2 g q12h
 0.34*
 123
 3.2
  
 346
 4
 77% T > MIC
 [18]
19
 2 g q8h
 0.36
 88.2*
 3.37
 68
 310
 32
 34% T > 4xMIC
 [20]
13
 2 g q12h
 0.32*
 134
 2.5
  
 249
  
  
 [33]
7
 2 g q12h
 0.47*
 125
 3.42
  
 305
 7
 80% T > MIC90
 [19]
5
 100% T > MIC90
17
 2 g q8h
 0.37
 88.2*
 3.37
 66.56
 324.02
  
  
 [34]
Ceftazidime
 15
 2 g q8h
 0.81*
 151
 4.75
  
 277.31
  
  
 [21]
12
 2 g q8h
 0.27*
  
 3.48
 124.4
 331
 4
 92% T > MIC
 [35]
17
 2 g q8h
 0.51
 63.7*
 6.28
 61.65
 523.49
  
  
 [34]
18
 2 g q8h
 0.48
 112*
 5.84
 63
 522
 32
 45% T > 4xMIC
 [20]
10
 2 g q8h
 0.23
 112*
 1.98
  
  
  
  
 [36]
49
 2 g q8h or 6 g CI/day
 0.67*
 91.3
  
  
  
  
  
 [22]
Meropenem
 8
 2 g q8h or
 0.38*
 156.7
 2.4
 110.1
 193.8
  
 100% T > MIC
 [37]
7
 2 g LD + 3 g CI/day
 0.37*
 128.3
  
  
 117.5
  
 100% T > MIC
16
 1 g q8h
 0.43
 130.9*
 2.05
 35
 132
 8
 57% T > 4xMIC
 [20]
10
 1 g q8h or 3 g CI/day
 0.32*
 226.7
  
  
  
  
  
 [23]
10
 1 g q8h
 0.39*
 191
 2.13
 46.6
 99.5
 0.25-1
 100% T > MIC
 [38]
Piperacillin
 8
 12/1.5 g PIP/TAZ CI
 0.33
 286.7
  
 144
  
  
  
 [24]
8
 4/0.5 PIP/TAZ q6h or q8h
  
 266.6
  
  
  
27
 4 g q6h
 0.38
 141.4*
 2.58
 123
 469
 64
 33% T > 4xMIC
 [20]
Ceftriaxone
 54
 2 g qd
 0.28*
 14.7
 9.6
  
  
 8
 16% T > MIC
 [25]
10
 2 g qd
 0.28*
 41.3
 6.4
 204.9
  
  
  
 [30]
Ertapenem
 17
 1 g CI/day
 0.21*
 43.2
 4.15
 90
 418
 2
 25% T > MIC
 [39]
8
 1 g qd
 0.85*
 200.5
 5.7
 94.1
 317.7
  
  
 [26]
Flucloxacillin 10   0.29* 150.2 2.45         [27]

Vd, volume of distribution; CL, clearance; Cmax, peak serum concentration; AUC, area under the concentration vs. time curve; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; CI, continuous infusion; LD, loading dose; PIP, piperacillin; TAZ, tazobactam; *Data were converted considering 70 kg body weight.