Table 2.

Means for Cognitive Scores and Income by Race/Ethnicity and Extended Household Transitions

	Cognitive Score		Wave 1 % Poor	Wave 1 % Poor or Near Poor	Income Change (% of Poverty Line)
	Mean	S.E.	Wave 1 % Poor	Wave 1 % Poor or Near Poor	Income Change (% of Poverty Line)
White (N≈3650)
Never coresident grandparents	52.95	0.26	9.57	30.70	7.76
Gain grandparents	48.59	1.73 ^#	33.11	74.09	28.17
Lose grandparents	50.14	0.82 ^#	22.93	65.49	−19.93
Keep grandparents	50.36	1.03 ^#	23.17	56.00	−16.79
Never other coresident adults	52.91	0.26	10.35	32.60	6.76
Gain others	48.52	1.37 ^#	17.75	52.91	−25.11
Lose others	48.44	1.48 ^#	30.75	67.34	27.01
Keep others	49.80	1.13 ^#	23.90	52.64	−16.72
African American (N≈1350)
Never coresident grandparents	47.15	0.40	44.77	72.34	6.26
Gain grandparents	46.80	1.33	69.50	91.28	35.44
Lose grandparents	46.64	0.79	41.17	84.49	−13.19
Keep grandparents	48.11	0.77	50.18	80.18	−7.91
Never other coresident adults	47.86	0.40	44.60	72.87	5.85
Gain others	46.46	1.62	57.06	78.31	−16.28
Lose others	43.63	0.83 ^#	54.36	90.07	14.93
Keep others	45.81	0.87 ^#^%	48.50	82.65	−11.37
Latino (N≈1700)
Never coresident grandparents	46.24	0.37	33.07	73.10	7.74
Gain grandparents	48.06	1.47	35.55	74.10	−13.14
Lose grandparents	49.08	1.10 ^#	46.40	74.25	11.14
Keep grandparents	45.86	0.80 ^%	42.20	75.78	−0.58
Never other coresident adults	46.85	0.43	29.29	67.95	5.14
Gain others	45.26	1.07	40.37	82.40	−0.78
Lose others	46.65	0.87	52.55	86.19	20.21
Keep others	44.40	0.68 ^#^%	52.13	90.51	3.28

Source: Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, 2001.

Notes:

Score is different from “never” at p<.05

different from “gain” at p<.05 (no occurrences)

different from “lose” at p<.05

Never=not at waves 1 or 2; gain=at wave 2 but not 1; lose=at wave 1 but not 2; keep=present at both waves.

Poor=under federal poverty line for household size; near poor=101–200% of federal poverty line for household size. Income change is measured between Wave 1 (9 months) and Wave 2 (24 months).