Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with infections due to Kytococcus schroeteri
| Reference | Sex/age and predisposing factor(s) | Clinical syndrome (presentation) | Site of isolation | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Becker et al. [9, 11] |
F/34 Aortic dissection with implantation of aortic arch conduit and reimplantation of the supraaortic arteries 10 weeks previously |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis (fever, TOE showed paravalvular abscess and vegetation, septic emoblic stroke with right-sided hemiparesis) | Blood | Antibiotics (IV vancomycin, gentamicin and rifampicin for 3 weeks) followed by aortic arch prosthesis replacement | Discharged after admission |
| Le Brun et al. [12] |
M/73 years AVR 3 years previously |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis (fever, exertional dyspnea, TOE showed small vegetations on the aortic bioprosthesis and perivalvular abscess) | Blood, vegetation, perivalvular abscess, and prosthetic valve | AVR and antibiotics (IV vancomycin and then teicoplanin for 6 weeks, gentamicin and rifampicin for the initial 3 weeks) | Discharged after clinical remission |
| Mohammedi et al. [17] |
F/71 years Asthma on prednisone 20 mg daily Hypertension |
Bacteremic community-acquired pneumonia (fever, respiratory distress with right lower lobar pneumonia) | Blood and BAL fluid | Supportive treatment (bronchodilators, steroid, magnesium sulfate and antibiotics including IV ceftriaxone and ofloxacin) | Died 4 days after admission to ICU due to refractory septic shock and multiorgan failure |
| Mnif et al. [13] |
F/49 years MVR 10 years previously |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis (fever, TOE showed prosthesis disinsertion and vegetations on the mitral valve prosthesis) | Blood | MVR and antibiotics (IV pristinamycin, vancomycin and gentamicin for 6 weeks then oral rifampicin and pristinamycin for 3 weeks) | Discharged after clinical remission (6 weeks after admission) |
| Renvoise et al. [14] |
M/70 AVR |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis (fever, TOE showed vegetation on the prosthetic aortic valve and intertrigonal abscess, septic embolic stroke and bilateral renal emboli) | Blood | Antibiotics (IV amoxicillin for 6 weeks and gentamicin for the initial 2 weeks) followed by AVR 3 months afterwards | Discharged after clinical remission |
| Aepinus et al. [15] |
F/38 AVR twice Ventricular septal defect with surgical closure Diabetes mellitus |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis (fever, TOE showed vegetation on the prosthetic aortic valve) | Blood | Antibiotics (IV vancomycin and rifampicin for 6 weeks, gentamicin for the initial 2 weeks; followed by oral levofloxacin and rifampicin for 2 months) | Discharged after clinical remission |
| Jourdain et al. [21] |
M/13 months Cyanotic congenital heart disease Hydrocephalus with VP shunt 5 months previously |
VP shunt infection (fever, acute otitis media, abnormal CSF findings) | CSF | Removal of shunt and antibiotics (IV vancomycin and rifampicin for 27 days) | Discharged after clinical remission |
| Poyet et al. [16] |
M/72 AVR for aortic regurgitation Triple bypass for ischemic heart disease |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis (fever, septic embolic stroke, TTE showed vegetation on the prosthetic aortic valve) |
Blood | Antibiotics (IV vancomycin and rifampicin for 6 weeks, gentamicin for the initial 2 weeks) | Discharged after clinical remission |
| Jacquier et al. [22] |
F/50 L3/4 discectomy for sciatica 8 months previously Diabetes mellitus |
Postoperative lumbar spondylodiscitis (fever and suprapubic pain for 1 day) | Biopsied bone | Antibiotics (IV ofloxacin and rifampicin for 2 weeks followed by oral therapy for 4 weeks) | Discharged after clinical remission |
| Hodiamont et al. [18] |
M/40 Acute myeloid leukemia |
Neutropenic fever with nosocomial pneumonia (neutropenic fever and right upper lobar pneumonia on day 19 after induction chemotherapy) | Blood, sputum and BAL fluid | Supportive treatment and antibiotics (IV ceftazidime, vancomycin, gentamicin and rifampicin) | Died on day 26 of admission due to multiorgan failure |
|
M/52 Acute myeloid leukemia |
Neutropenic fever with nosocomial pneumonia (neutropenic fever and multilobar pneumonia on day 16 after induction chemotherapy) | Blood and BAL fluid | Supportive treatment and antibiotics (IV ceftazidime, vancomycin and rifampicin) | Died on day 27 of admission due to multiorgan failure | |
| Nagler et al. [19] |
M/68 Acute myeloid leukemia |
Neutropenic fever with folliculitis and nosocomial pneumonia (neutropenic fever, scattered crusted papules in the groin and pneumonia on day 12–13 after induction chemotherapy) | Skin biopsy and BAL fluid | Antibiotics (IV cefepime and vancomycin) | Died on day 22 after induction chemotherapy |
| Blennow et al. [20] |
F/43 Acute myeloid leukemia |
Neutropenic fever with bacteremic pneumonia (neutropenic fever, right upper and middle lobar pneumonia 10 days after chemotherapy) | Blood and BAL fluid | Antibiotics (IV piperacillin/tazobactam, vancomycin, linezolid and co-trimoxazole) | Discharged after clinical remission |
| Present case |
M/45 Left shoulder dislocation with tendon reconstruction |
Implant-related septic arthritis and chronic osteomyelitis (recurrent left shoulder wound discharge for 5 years) | Debrided bone and wound tissue | Surgical debridement, removal of prosthesis, and antibiotics (oral doxycycline for 6 weeks) | Discharged after clinical remission |
F Female, M male, MVR mitral valve replacement, AVR aortic valve replacement,TOE transoesophageal echocardiogram, VP ventriculoperitoneal, TTE transthoracic echocardiogram, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, BAL bronchoalveolar lavage, IV intravenous, ICU intensive care unit