Table 4.

Direction of causation model fitting results for males and females in Cohort 1 and Cohort 2.

(a)		Females						Males
	Sleep & Anxiety	χ2	df	Δχ2	Δdf	p	AIC	χ2	df	Δχ2	Δdf	p	AIC
Cohort 1	Correlated liability	11904.94	6153	-	-	-	−01.06	4943.752	2661	-	-	-	−78.25
	Reciprocal causation	11904.98	6154	0.04	1	0.843	−403.02	4944.969	2662	1.22	1	0.270	−379.03
	Anxiety →DS	11908.82	6155	3.88	2	0.144	−401.18	4947.896	2663	4.14	2	0.126	−378.10
	DS→Anxiety	11916.98	6155	12.04	2	0.002	−393.02	4948.211	2663	4.46	2	0.108	−377.79
	No association	12486.82	6156	581.88	3	0.000	174.82	5122.440	2664	178.69	3	0.000	−205.56
	Sleep & Depression
	Correlated liability	11462.78	6153	-	-	-	−843.22	5083.97	2662	-	-	-	−240.03
	Reciprocal causation	11463.98	6154	1.20	1	0.273	−844.02	5083.97	2663	0.00	1	0.975	−242.03
	Depression→DS	11468.72	6155	5.94	2	0.051	−841.28	5088.21	2664	4.23	2	0.120	−239.80
	DS→Depression	11471.21	6155	8.44	2	0.015	−838.79	5084.42	2664	0.45	2	0.799	−243.58
	No association	12108.52	6156	645.74	3	0.000	−203.48	5248.94	2665	164.97	3	0.000	−81.06
(b)		Females						Males
	Sleep & Anxiety	χ2	df	Δχ2	Δdf	p	AIC	χ2	df	Δχ2	Δdf	p	AIC
Cohort 2	Correlated liability	6898.64	3493	-	-	-	−87.36	4029.74	2045	-	-	-	−60.26
	Reciprocal causation	6898.64	3494	0.000	1	1.000	−89.36	4029.82	2046	0.09	1	0.771	−62.18
	Anxiety →DS	6898.98	3495	0.333	2	0.847	−91.03	4030.52	2047	0.78	2	0.677	−63.48
	DS→Anxiety	6903.36	3495	4.720	2	0.094	−86.64	4031.55	2047	1.82	2	0.404	−62.45
	No association	7275.63	3496	376.99	3	0.000	283.63	4255.48	2048	225.74	3	0.000	159.48
	Sleep & Depression
	Correlated liability	6933.98	3493	-	-	-	−52.02	4199.82	2047	-	-	-	105.82
	Reciprocal causation	6933.99	3494	0.007	1	0.933	−54.01	4199.84	2048	0.02	1	0.879	103.84
	Depression→DS	6934.40	3495	0.412	2	0.814	−55.61	4200.25	2049	0.43	2	0.806	102.25
	DS→Depression	6934.84	3495	0.858	2	0.651	−55.16	4200.14	2049	0.32	2	0.852	102.14
	No association	7458.80	3496	524.81	3	0.000	466.80	4379.86	2050	180.04	3	0.000	279.86

AIC=Akaike Information Criteria