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Antiproliferative factor (APF) regulates the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway in bladder epithelial cells. Left: in TRT-HU1 cells, Akt, mTOR and p70S6K were dephosphorylated in response to APF treatment. Right: phosphorylation levels of Akt, mTOR and p70S6K were significantly reduced in primary epithelial cells explanted from interstitial cystitis (IC) bladder compared to paired normal bladder (NB)
