Table 2.
Variable | IR (n = 28) | IS (n = 36) | Difference between IR and ISb | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LG Diet (n = 64) | Study entryc | Change over the LG diet | P-value | Study entryd | Change over the LG diet | P-value | IR–IS | P-value |
Leptin, ng/mle | 11.1 (8.7, 13.4)f | −1.9 (−2.9, −0.9) (17.1%) | <0.01 | 5.2 (3.6, 6.8)f | −1.2 (−2.1, −0.2) (23.1%) | <0.01 | −0.7 (−2.1, 0.6) | 0.76 |
Ghrelin, pg/ml | 578 (470, 685)g | −2 (−52, 49) (0.3%) | 0.95 | 742 (653, 832)g | −26 (−71, 19) (3.5%) | 0.25 | 24 (−44, 92) | 0.48 |
HA diet (n = 64) | Study entryc | Change over the HA diet | P-value | Study entryd | Change over the HA diet | P-value | IR – IS | P-value |
Leptin, ng/mle | 11.1 (8.7, 13.4)f | −2.6 (−3.4, −1.7) (33.3%) | <0.001 | 5.2 (3.6, 6.8)f | −0.2 (−1.0, 0.5) (3.9%) | 0.22 | −2.3 (−3.5, −1.1) | <0.01 |
Ghrelin, pg/ml | 578 (470, 685)g | 43 (−17, 102) (6.4%) | 0.15 | 742 (653, 832)g | 1 (−52, 53) (0.1%) | 0.98 | 42 (−37, 122) | 0.29 |
Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; CI, confidence interval; HA diet, healthy American diet; IR, insulin resistant; IS, insulin sensitive; LG diet, low-glycemic diet.
Values are reported as mean (95% CI).
IR–IS = difference in changes between IR and IS subjects.
Plasma leptin and ghrelin at study entry among IR subjects.
Plasma leptin and ghrelin at study entry among IS subjects.
Data were log-transformed for the analysis.
Leptin values at study entry were stratified by subjects’ IR status; difference between IR and IS subjects was significant based on one-way ANOVA (11.1 vs 5.2 ng/ml, P<0.001).
Ghrelin values at study entry were stratified by subjects’ IR status; difference between IR and IS subjects was significant based on one-way ANOVA (578 vs 742pg/ml, P = 0.02).