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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Res Adolesc. 2012 Mar 17;22(3):542–555. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2012.00786.x

Table 3.

Growth Curve Model for Violent Behavior Across Adolescence

	Model 3 (violence)		Model 4 (risk)		Model 5 (compensatory model)		Model 6 (risk-protective model)
	b(se)	p	b(se)	p	b(se)	p	b(se)	p
Base, π₀	0.30(.04)	^***	−0.89(.08)	^***	−0.82(.09)	^***	−0.85(.08)	^***
Gender, b₀₁	0.19(.04)	^***	−0.33(.11)	^**	−0.32(.11)	^**	−0.31(.11)	^**
Black, b₀₂	0.12(.04)	^**	0.02(.02)		0.03(.02)		0.03(.02)
Risk, π₁			0.11(.01)	^***	0.11(.01)	^***	0.12(.01)	^***
Gender, b₁₁			0.04(.01)	^***	0.04(.01)	^***	0.04(.01)	^***
Linear change per year, π₂
Age, b₂₀	−0.03(.01)	^***	−0.04(.01)	^***	−0.04(.01)	^***	−0.04(.01)	^***
Promotive, π₃					−0.01(.004)	^*	−0.01(.003)	^*
Risk/Promotion interaction, π₄							−0.006(.003)	^*
Model fit (−2 LL)	4800.98		3265.40		3272.27		3269.03

^*

p ≤ .05,

^**

p ≤ .01,

^***

p ≤ .001