Table 2.

Means and standard deviations of the field-averaged stage axial (U_s) and radial (V_s) velocities for the forward (F) and reverse (R) strokes during Poiseuille flow. Trial 1 is conducted on a fixed stage, trials 2 and 3 are for an intermediate translating stage velocity (~6 mm s⁻¹) and trial 4 is for a faster (~12 mm s⁻¹) stage velocity. The correlation coefficient $C={\displaystyle \sum (x-\overline{x})(y-\overline{y})/\sqrt{{{\displaystyle \sum \left(x-\overline{x}\right)}}^2{{\displaystyle \sum \left(y-\overline{y}\right)}}^2}}$ indicates the dependence of V_s on U_s and V_f on V_s.

	Mean Us (mm s−1)	Standard deviation	Mean Vs (mm s−1)	Standard deviation	Us, Vs correlation	Vs, Vf correlation
Trial 1 F	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trial 1 R	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trial 2 F	−5.809	1.204	0.011	0.068	0.067	0.099
Trial 2 R	5.944	1.189	−0.012	0.063	−0.103	0.428
Trial 3 F	−5.969	1.131	0.017	0.066	−0.051	0.216
Trial 3 R	5.892	1.299	−0.007	0.067	−0.103	0.428
Trial 4 F	−12.061	1.599	0.072	0.081	−0.178	−0.118
Trial 4 R	11.777	2.423	−0.072	0.071	−0.278	−0.039