Table 2.
Characteristics for the Overall Sample and by Type of Past Study Participation
| |
Overall |
Medical |
Behavioral |
No past participation |
Medical-behavioral |
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | N | Mean(SD)/% | Range | N | Mean(SD)/% | N | Mean(SD)/% | N | Mean(SD)/% | N | Mean(SD)/% | p Value |
| Demographics | ||||||||||||
| Age | 162 | 45.3 (8.47) | 23–62 | 36 | 44.0 (9.86) | 49 | 46.5 (7.39) | 52 | 45.0 (8.81) | 25 | 45.6 (7.72) | 0.57 |
| Ethnicity (black)b | 162 | 73.5% | 0–1 | 36 | 69% | 49 | 84% | 52 | 71% | 25 | 64% | 0.24 |
| Female gender | 162 | 36% | 1–2 | 36 | 31% | 49 | 35% | 52 | 38% | 25 | 40% | 0.85 |
| Education | 162 | 11.18 (2.31) | 2–21 | 36 | 11.6 (1.73) | 49 | 11.14 (1.20) | 52 | 11.19 (2.40) | 25 | 10.6 (3.24) | 0.42 |
| Medical factors | ||||||||||||
| Health statusc | 162 | 1.38 (0.78) | 0–3 | 36 | 1.25 (0.77) | 49 | 1.35 (0.75) | 52 | 1.44 (0.80) | 25 | 1.48 (0.82) | 0.61 |
| Drug use | 162 | 64% | 0–1 | 36 | 61% | 49 | 61% | 52 | 65% | 25 | 72% | 0.79 |
| Years since diagnosis | 162 | 12.49 (7.35) | 0–28 | 36 | 12.42 (7.46) | 49 | 13.90 (7.50) | 52 | 11.5 (6.90) | 25 | 11.92 (7.84) | 0.41 |
| Taking HIV medications | 162 | 86% | 0–1 | 36 | 92% | 49 | 82% | 52 | 83% | 25 | 92% | 0.41 |
| Nonmedical factors | ||||||||||||
| Trust in own doctor | 162 | 21.49 (4.38) | 5–25 | 36 | 22.69 (4.01) | 49 | 21.86 (4.22) | 52 | 20.52 (4.51) | 25 | 21.08 (4.64) | 0.12 |
| Amount money paid | 162 | 3.12 (1.44) | 1–5 | 36 | 2.94 (1.39) | 49 | 3.18 (1.44) | 52 | 3.21 (1.45) | 25 | 3.08 (1.58) | 0.84 |
| Health literacy score | 162 | 55 (16.97) | 0–66 | 36 | 55 (16.29) | 49 | 51 (20.08) | 52 | 56 (15.77) | 25 | 58 (12.92) | 0.32 |
| How confident are you? | ||||||||||||
| Can get to all appointment | 162 | 4.31 (1.01) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.61 (0.73) | 49 | 4.29 (1.04) | 52 | 4.02 (1.18) | 25 | 4.56 (0.71) | 0.03a |
| Can understand information about study | 162 | 4.40 (0.87) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.44 (0.88) | 49 | 4.47 (0.84) | 52 | 4.23 (0.96) | 25 | 4.56 (0.71) | 0.37 |
| Can tell doctor ‘stop’ | 162 | 4.62 (0.88) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.53 (1.0) | 49 | 4.63 (0.88) | 52 | 4.65 (0.88) | 25 | 4.68 (69) | 0.90 |
| Not be a ‘guinea pig’ | 162 | 4.38 (1.14) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.22 (1.17) | 49 | 4.45 (1.04) | 52 | 4.38 (1.19) | 25 | 4.44 (1.23) | 0.82 |
| Disagree or agree? | ||||||||||||
| Do not understand what a research study is | 162 | 2.27 (1.64) | 1–5 | 36 | 1.78 (1.44) | 49 | 2.18 (1.64) | 52 | 2.67 (1.71) | 25 | 2.28 (1.65) | 0.09 |
| Can get new medications | 162 | 3.49 (1.54) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.64 (1.53) | 49 | 3.31 (1.47) | 52 | 3.35 (1.70) | 25 | 3.96 (1.27) | 0.28 |
| Doctors, nurses pay more attention | 162 | 2.85 (1.59) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.25 (1.73) | 49 | 2.53 (1.43) | 52 | 2.69 (1.65) | 25 | 3.20 (1.44) | 0.11 |
| Can get information | 162 | 3.09 (1.53) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.28 (1.49) | 49 | 3.24 (1.48) | 52 | 2.92 (1.63) | 25 | 2.84 (1.49) | 0.51 |
| Can stop bad habits | 162 | 3.48 (1.56) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.47 (1.63) | 49 | 3.69 (1.56) | 52 | 3.13 (1.63) | 25 | 3.80 (1.19) | 0.21 |
| Can help others | 162 | 4.40 (1.10) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.56 (0.97) | 49 | 4.27 (1.27) | 52 | 4.29 (1.18) | 25 | 4.68 (0.63) | 0.31 |
| Studies should be interesting | 162 | 4.39 (0.99) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.53 (0.88) | 49 | 4.29 (1.10) | 52 | 4.38 (0.95) | 25 | 4.40 (1.04) | 0.75 |
| Expect to be paid | 162 | 3.23 (1.46) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.14 (1.61) | 49 | 3.41 (1.55) | 52 | 2.96 (1.22) | 25 | 3.60 (1.44) | 0.24 |
| Not worried or worried? | ||||||||||||
| Will be treated as ‘guinea pig’ | 162 | 2.33 (1.46) | 1–5 | 36 | 1.97 (1.42) | 49 | 2.16 (1.40) | 52 | 2.81(1.51) | 25 | 2.20 (1.35) | 0.03a |
| Will interfere with current treatment | 162 | 2.49 (1.52) | 1–5 | 36 | 2.19 (1.39) | 49 | 2.51 (1.56) | 52 | 2.67 (1.65) | 25 | 2.52 (1.33) | 0.55 |
| Will not get best treatment | 162 | 2.17 (1.39) | 1–5 | 36 | 2.11 (1.56) | 49 | 2.44 (1.39) | 52 | 2.31 (1.37) | 25 | 1.80 (1.15) | 0.48 |
| Fear of side effects | 162 | 2.96 (1.52) | 1–5 | 36 | 2.75 (1.54) | 49 | 3.02 (1.59) | 52 | 3.13 (1.52) | 25 | 2.80 (1.35) | 0.63 |
| Others will find out | 162 | 1.59 (1.16) | 1–5 | 36 | 1.64 (1.20) | 49 | 1.45 (1.00) | 52 | 1.77 (1.35) | 25 | 1.44 (0.92) | 0.49 |
| Not important/important | ||||||||||||
| Doctor's opinion | 162 | 4.26 (1.16) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.61 (0.90) | 49 | 4.0 (1.35) | 52 | 4.25 (1.14) | 25 | 4.28 (1.02) | 0.12 |
| Opinion of minister | 162 | 2.96 (1.58) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.11 1.67) | 49 | 3.0 (1.51) | 52 | 2.75 (1.58) | 25 | 3.08 (1.63) | 0.70 |
| Information from Internet | 162 | 3.64 (1.26) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.69 (1.39) | 49 | 3.53 (1.23) | 52 | 3.63 (1.19) | 25 | 3.80 (1.35) | 0.84 |
| Availability of other treatment options | 162 | 4.40 (1.03) | 1–5 | 36 | 4.47 (0.94) | 49 | 4.37 (1.03) | 52 | 4.23 (1.21) | 25 | 4.72 (0.61) | 0.26 |
| Religious beliefs | 162 | 3.17 (1.64) | 1–5 | 36 | 3.11 (1.70) | 49 | 3.08 (1.63) | 52 | 3.23 (1.64) | 25 | 3.32 (1.63) | 0.93 |
a
p<0.05.
b
Non-Black=43 (26.5%) (i.e., 20 (12%) White; 19 (12%) Hispanic, and 4 (2.5%) “other.”
c
Excellent=0, Good=1, Fair=2, Poor=3.