Table 2.
Staphylococcus aureus Carriage Among Adults (n=120), by Demographic and Epidemiologic Characteristics
| Risk factor | % (Positive/total)a | OR | 95% CI | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||
| 20–40 | 50.0 (12/24) | Ref. | — | — |
| 41–60 | 13.5 (7/52) | 0.16 | 0.05–0.47 | 0.001 |
| >60 | 19.0 (8/42) | 0.24 | 0.07–0.70 | 0.011 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 26.7 (16/60) | Ref. | ||
| Female | 19.0 (11/58) | 0.64 | 0.26–1.53 | 0.321 |
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 18.2 (2/11) | Ref. | — | — |
| Suburban | 46.7 (7/15) | 3.94 | 0.70–31.9 | 0.144 |
| Small town | 19.5 (8/41) | 1.03 | 0.21–7.60 | 0.974 |
| Rural | 22.9 (11/48) | 1.34 | 0.29–9.63 | 0.733 |
| Family income | ||||
| <$40,000 | 35.0 (7/20) | Ref. | — | — |
| $40,000–$59,999 | 19.2 (5/26) | 0.44 | 0.12–1.69 | 0.684 |
| $60,000–$79,999 | 17.4 (4/23) | 0.39 | 0.10–1.61 | 0.529 |
| $80,000–$99,999 | 33.3 (5/15) | 0.93 | 0.23–3.82 | 0.254 |
| >$100,000 | 12.5 (3/24) | 0.27 | 0.06–1.21 | 0.194 |
| Child in daycare | ||||
| No | 20.6 (22/107) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 50.0 (4/8) | 3.86 | 0.85–17.6 | 0.07 |
| Tobacco use | ||||
| None | 19.8 (18/91) | Ref. | — | — |
| Current or past | 35.7 (10/28) | 2.25 | 0.87–5.68 | 0.087 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 26.9 (29/108) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 0.0 (0/12) | 0.13 | (0–0.87) | 0.016 |
| Gym visit within prior month | ||||
| No | 27.4 (20/73) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 19.5 (8/41) | 0.64 | 0.24–1.58 | 0.35 |
| Recent influenza-like illness | ||||
| No | 27.5 (25/91) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 11.5 (3/26) | 0.34 | 0.08–1.10 | 0.105 |
| Recent antibiotic use | ||||
| No | 26.6 (25/94) | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 13.0 (3/23) | 0.41 | 0.09–1.34 | 0.183 |
| Hospital exposure | ||||
| No | 27.1 (19/70) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 19.1 (9/47) | 0.64 | 0.25–1.53 | 0.322 |
| Long-term care facility exposure | ||||
| No | 25.5 (16/102) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 13.3 (2/15) | 0.45 | 0.07–1.77 | 0.313 |
| Eczema | ||||
| No | 22.0 (24/109) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 50.0 (4/8) | 3.54 | 0.76–16.0 | 0.089 |
| Occupational exposure to animals | ||||
| No | 24.4 (20/82) | Ref. | — | — |
| Yes | 21.6 (8/37) | 0.86 | 0.32–2.11 | 0.742 |
| Antibiotic soap in the home | ||||
| No | 30.8 (8/26) | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 22.0 (20/91) | 0.64 | 0.22–1.95 | 0.435 |
| Alcohol-based sanitizers in the home | ||||
| No | 30.4 (17/56) | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 18.0 (11/61) | 0.51 | 0.19–1.30 | 0.134 |
a
Full demographic data were not available for all participants.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.