Table 5.
Abbreviated item content | Differences between regular vs no religious practice or belonging | Differences between religious affiliation vs. atheists | Ever vs. never had a life-threatening health problem | Diploma giving access to University(difference between yes/no) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hope & Optimism |
|
|
|
|
1. Hopeful |
0.34** |
0.17 ns |
-0.09 ns |
-0.18* |
2. Hopeful about life |
0.46** |
0.16 ns |
-0.06 ns |
-0.12 ns |
3. Optimistic, quality of life |
0.51** |
0.32** |
0.20 ns |
-0.18 ns |
4. Optimistic in uncertainty |
0.30* |
0.16 ns |
-0.07 ns |
-0.06 ns |
Meaning of life |
|
|
|
|
5. Finds meaning in life |
1.17*** |
0.66 *** |
0.13 ns |
-0.14 |
6. Taking care of others |
0.53** |
0.37** |
0.36 ** |
-0.07 |
7. Life has a purpose |
1.36*** |
0.74*** |
0.27 ns |
-0.21 |
8. Here for a reason |
2.05*** |
1.54*** |
0.17 ns |
-0.50*** |
Awe |
|
|
|
|
9. Experiences awe |
0.18 ns |
0.17* |
0.19 * |
0.07 |
10. Touched by beauty |
0.85*** |
0.82*** |
0.22 ns |
0.04 |
11. Feelings of inspiration |
0.30* |
0.30** |
0.15 ns |
-0.11 |
12. Grateful for things |
0.96** |
1.02*** |
0.39 ** |
-0.35** |
Inner Peace |
|
|
|
|
13. Peaceful with yourself |
0.59*** |
0.09 ns |
-0.06 ns |
-0.03 |
14. Has inner peace |
1.07*** |
0.35** |
-0.15 ns |
-0.01 |
15. Feels peaceful |
0.63*** |
0.23* |
0.07 ns |
-0.07 |
16. Sense of harmony |
0.71*** |
0.30* |
-0.20 ns |
-0.12 |
Wholeness |
|
|
|
|
17. Connection mind body |
1.32*** |
1.07*** |
0.18 ns |
-0.24 |
18. Balance mind body soul |
0.94*** |
0.52*** |
-0.17 ns |
-.012 |
19. Way you live is consistent |
0.62*** |
0.17 ns |
-0.01 ns |
0.02 |
20. Creates coherence |
0.69*** |
0.25* |
-0.05 ns |
0.05 |
Spiritual Strength |
|
|
|
|
21. Feels spiritual strength |
1.67*** |
1.28*** |
0.26 ns |
-0.20 |
22. Strength in difficult times |
1.88*** |
1.30*** |
0.20 ns |
-0.14 |
23. Helps live better |
1.96*** |
1.46*** |
0.23 ns |
-0.19 |
24. Feels happy in life |
1.84*** |
1.38*** |
0.07 ns |
-0.21 |
Connectedness |
|
|
|
|
25. Gets through hard times |
2.61*** |
2.03*** |
0.22 ns |
-0.39** |
26. Tolerates stress |
2.04*** |
1.57*** |
0.10 ns |
-0.37** |
27. Understands others |
2.59*** |
1.73*** |
0.11 ns |
-0.32** |
28. Comforts, reassures |
2.62*** |
1.96*** |
0.12 ns |
-0.48*** |
Faith |
|
|
|
|
29. Contributes to well-being |
2.87*** |
1.94*** |
0 ns |
-0.35** |
30. Gives you comfort |
2.67*** |
1.76*** |
0.01 ns |
-0.46*** |
31. Gives you strength |
2.64*** |
1.85*** |
0.07 ns |
-0.38** |
32. Helps you enjoy life |
2.69*** |
1.93*** |
0.02 ns |
-0.48*** |
Hope & Optimism |
0.40*** |
0.20* |
0 ns |
-0.14 ns |
Meaning of Life |
1.30*** |
0.84*** |
0.24 * |
-0.22* |
Awe |
0.58*** |
0.58*** |
0.25 ** |
-0.08 ns |
Inner Peace |
0.76*** |
0.25* |
-0.08 ns |
-0.05 ns |
Wholeness |
0.89*** |
0.47*** |
-0.01 ns |
-0.08 ns |
Spiritual Strength |
1.83*** |
1.35*** |
0.21 ns |
-0.18 ns |
Connectedness |
2.45*** |
1.83*** |
0.14 ns |
-0.40** |
Faith |
2.71*** |
1.87*** |
0.02 ns |
-0.40** |
Total score, 32 items | 1.35*** | 0.91*** | 0.09 ns | -0.19* |
* p ≤ 0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01; *** p ≤ 0.001.