Table 3.

Participant knowledge and beliefs about antibiotics and URIs by health literacy level

	NVS			S-TOFHLA
	Inadequate health literacy (score = 0–3) (n = 129)	Adequate health literacy (score = 4–6) (n = 25)	P value	Inadequate health literacy (score = 0–22) (n = 55)	Adequate health literacy (score = 23–36) (n = 99)	P value
Mean composite scores (SD)
Beliefs for antibiotic treatment of URIs	4.12 (SD ± 2.33)	2.68 (SD ± 1.73)	0.003*	3.94 (SD ± 2.27)	3.86 (SD ± 2.32)	0.864*
Knowledge of antibiotics	3.7 (SD ± 2.24)	5.8 (SD ± 1.21)	0.000*	3.32 (SD ± 2.08)	4.44 (SD ± 2.25)	0.002*

Range of beliefs and knowledge composite scores = 0–7

Bold Level of significance is 0.05

^*Wilcoxon rank-sum test with mean composite scores and standard deviation