Risk for infection-related hospitalizations associated with dialysis modality for different subgroups (matched cohort). Hemodialysis is the reference group. Calendar years are years of dialysis initiation. The x-axis is on a logarithmic scale where 1 represents no effect. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. BMI, body mass index in kg/m2; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HD, hemodialysis; HR, hazard ratio; IRH, infection-related hospitalization.