Table 2.
Whole-urine biomarker protein concentrations
| Biomarker | Total Controls (n=20) | Total Controls (n=20) | Case-Patients (n=27) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Normal (n=14) | Normal (n=6) | ||||||
| Hydronephrosis (n=2) | Hypertension (n=2) | Congenital Anomaly (n=7) | Dysfunctional Voiding (n=3) | ||||
| AQP2 | 4.5a (3.4–5.7) | 4.5a (4.5–4.6) | 3.5a (0.3–6.4) | 2.9 (0.5–2.9) | 4.5a (1.1–8.2) | 3.7a (0.3–8.2) | 0.3 (0.2–8.5) |
| VATPase | 3.1 (1.9–4.2) | 10.4 (7.8–13.0) | 13.7 (2.1–35.2) | 42.8a (31.7–64.2) | 8.8 (3.0–43.9) | 8.8 (1.9–64.2) | 13.0 (1.3–49.4) |
| TGFβ | 4.5 (1.3–7.6) | 3.1 (2.2–4.0) | 1.6 (1.0–6.9) | 6.5 (2.40–7.1) | 1.7a (1.1–5.0) | 2.2a (1.0–7.6) | 4.1 (0.6–14.7) |
| N-cadherin | 9.3a (8.9–9.8) | 26.3 (9.9–42.8) | 3.1 (0.5–18.1) | 3.3 (1.8–27.5) | 5.9 (0.4–13.8) | 8.0 (0.3–42.8) | 2.8 (0.5–17.0) |
| TRPV4 | 2.5 (1.7–3.4) | 1.9 (0.7–3.2) | 3.3 (0.9–7.7) | 1.9 (1.6–3.2) | 3.0 (1.2–5.2) | 2.1 (0.7–7.7) | 2.0 (0.5–10.7) |
| L1CAM | 5.9 (4.3–7.5) | 2.9 (0.8–5.0) | 5.7 (2.1–10.7) | 1.9 (1.7–8.5) | 2.1a (1.8–3.9) | 4.1 (0.8–10.7) | 4.1 (0.9–11.8) |
| Urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio | 5.5a (5.1–8.1) | 5.7a (3.9–7.5) | 7.4a (2.4–39.4) | 12.9 (5.4–42.9) | 6.6a (3.6–22) | 7.2a (2.4–42.9) | 44.8 (5.2–361) |
Values represent the median with the range in parentheses. AQP2, aquaporin-2; VATPase, vacuolar-type H+-adenosine triphosphatase; TRPV4, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4; L1CAM, L1 cell adhesion molecule.
a
Significantly different than in case-patients.