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. 2012 Oct 3;7(10):e46827. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046827

Figure 4. ChR2-HR/TC in GABA neurons and C1V1-ET/ET in ACh neurons enable independent bi-modal light control of either cell type. A).

Figure 4

Innervation of muscle cells by GABAergic and cholinergic motor neurons, expressing ChR2-HR/TC and C1V1-ET/ET, respectively, in the same animal. B) Confocal fluorescence image of ChR2-HR/TC::YFP and C1V1-ET/ET::mCherry expressed in the ventral nerve cord motor neurons. C) Body length changes were measured in response to 400 or 580 nm light of the indicated intensities. Animals used expressed either ChR2-HR/TC in GABA neurons, or C1V1-ET/ET in cholinergic neurons, or both. When both proteins were expressed in the same animal, independent activation of both proteins and the respective neuron type can be achieved. Displayed are mean body length changes, relative to the initial length of the non-illuminated animals, and s.e.m. N = 12 animals of each strain were measured. Statistically significant differences were calculated by two-tailed Student’s t-test (n.s. = non significant; *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001).