Table 3.
Treatment, complications and survival of all patients
| References | Procedure | Postoperative chemotherapy/radiotherapy |
Complications | Clinical outcome | Postoperative mobility |
Postoperative continence |
Survival | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gerszten et al. [32] | Radiosurgery | No | None | 86 % pain relief, 84 % neur. impr. | N/A | N/A | 21 months (3–53) |
| 2 | Takayuki Akasu et al. [33] | Abdominal sacral resection, levels of transection, S2 in 6, S2–3 in 19, S3 in 5, S3–4 in 11, S4 in 1, S4–5 in 2 | N/A | 27 patients morbidity (61 %), 10 (23 %) major complications, 17 (38 %) had minor complications | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2.3 years, (1–15.8) |
| 3 | Nader et al. [28] | 18 laminectomies, 13 vertebrectomies, 12 instrumentation | N/A | Major 16 %, minor 16 % | 8 pt improved, 3 pt worse neurology, 11/16 pain relief, 3/16 no pain | 16 pt, (7 independently) | N/A | 21, 8 months, (5–38.5) |
| 4 | Kollender et al. [2] | Post decompression cryosurgery | N/A | 1 CSF leakage | N/A | N/A | 1 urine incontinence | 4 died, (6–36 months), 1 alive |
| 5 | Ozdemir et al. [10] | 13 pt, curettage or resection and cementation | 21 radio/chemo or combination | In 10/46 cases | Pain improvement | N/A | N/A | 36 months, (30–120) |
| 6 | Dozois et al. [34] | High sacrectomy | 8 chemo | 1 minor, 4 major | N/A | 8 independently | N/A | 5 year 30 % |
| 7 | Fujibayashi et al. [35] | Post instrumentation, T5-Ilium, L2-Ilium, T9-Ilium, L3-Ilium × 2 | N/A | 1 infection, 1 wound breakdown, 1 rod breakdown | Both improved | All independently | N/A | 28, 4, (3 months–6 years) |
| 8 | Zhang et al. [36] | S1 percutaneous sacroplasty | No | M none, F cement leak in needle tract | No neurology pain relief | Both independently | Normal | N/A, M last F up 3/12, F last F up 20/52 |
| 9 | Lee et al. [37] | Total excision in 2 stages, AP approach | Radiation | Mild constipation and urine retention | Left saddle parasthesia, Pain N/A | Independently mobile (left S2–S5 and right S3–S5 sacrificed) | Mild constipation/urinary retention | N/A, last follow up 16/12 |
| 10 | Toro et al. [38] | Sacroplasty at all lesions | No | No | Pain free | Improvement in walking | N/A | N/A last follow up 8/12 |
| 11 | Uemura et al. [39] | Perc. sacroplasty, 1st on left (twice), 2nd on right | Radiation | (1st bleeding intraop), transient numbness, (24 h) R leg | Pain free | Improved (walker) | N/A | 72 days |
| 12 | Kakutani et al. [40] | No surgery chemo and radiotherapy | No | N/A | Both improved | Independently mobile | N/A | 9 months |
| 13 | Nebreda et al. [41] | 1st S1, S1, 2nd SIJ cementation (2 months following the 1st) | No | No | 1st transient pain relief, 2nd pain free | Independently mobile | Normal | 40 days |
| 14 | Menegaz et al. [42] | Chemotherapy and radiotherapy | No | N/A | Both improved | Independently mobile | N/A | 7 months |
| 15 | Turgut et al. [43] | L5 laminectomy and subtotal resection | Chemotherapy | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2 months |
| 16 | Albareda et al. [44] | Sacrectomy en block resection | Radiotherapy | No | No | Normal | Normal | Last follow up 26/12 |