Table 1.
Univariate analysis of the association between ecological factors of households and dengue transmission.
| Categorical variables | Household number (%) | Houses (%) with previous history of dengue casesa | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 1,200) | Yes (n = 164) | No (n = 1,036) | ||
| Ecotopeb | ||||
| Commercial | 200 (16.7) | 23 (14.0) | 177 (17.1) | 0.031* |
| DENPURA | 200 (16.6) | 20 (12.2) | 180 (17.4) | |
| RCDENPURA | 200 (16.7) | 39 (23.8) | 161 (15.5) | |
| RC | 600 (50.0) | 82 (50.0) | 518 (50.0) | |
| Historical dengue risk area | ||||
| Low | 600 (50.0) | 57 (34.8) | 543 (52.4) | <0.001* |
| High | 600 (50.0) | 107 (65.2) | 493 (47.6) | |
| Number of house floors | ||||
| One floor | 501 (41.8) | 70 (42.7) | 431 (41.6) | 0.861 |
| Multifloors | 699 (58.2) | 94 (57.3) | 605 (58.4) | |
| Floor of principal livingc | (N = 699) | |||
| First floor | 222 (31.8) | 34 (36.2) | 188 (31.1) | 0.385 |
| Upper floors | 477 (68.2) | 60 (63.8) | 417 (68.9) | |
| Construction material of house | ||||
| Concrete/Bricks | 1,035 (86.2) | 142 (86.6) | 893 (86.2) | 0.990 |
| Wood | 165 (13.8) | 22 (13.4) | 143 (13.8) | |
| Number of house windowsd | ||||
| 0–9 | 717 (59.8) | 86 (52.4) | 631 (60.9) | 0.049* |
| 10 and over | 483 (40.2) | 78 (47.6) | 405 (39.1) | |
| Having screens for house windowse | (N = 1,139) | |||
| No | 407 (35.7) | 42 (27.1) | 365 (37.1) | 0.020* |
| Yes | 732 (64.3) | 113 (72.9) | 619 (62.9) | |
| Having a yard/open space | ||||
| No | 372 (31.0) | 41 (25.0) | 331 (31.9) | 0.090 |
| Yes | 828 (69.0) | 123 (75.0) | 705 (68.1) | |
| Having bushes in a yard/open space f | (N = 828) | |||
| No | 454 (54.8) | 72 (58.5) | 382 (54.2) | 0.426 |
| Yes | 374 (45.2) | 51 (41.5) | 323 (45.8) | |
| Main purpose of house | ||||
| Residential | 887 (73.9) | 126 (76.8) | 761 (73.5) | 0.413 |
| Business/restaurant | 313 (26.1) | 38 (23.2) | 275 (26.5) | |
| House attachment | ||||
| Attached | 977 (81.4) | 129 (78.7) | 848 (81.9) | 0.385 |
| Detached | 223 (18.6) | 35 (21.3) | 188 (18.1) | |
aNumber of houses with at least one dengue case during the past year.
bUrban ecotopes were commercial, densely populated urban residential area-DENPURA, and residential mixed with commercial and DENPURA-RCDENPURA, whereas semiurban ecotope was residential mixed with commercial-RC.
Of the 1,200 houses, there were c699 houses that had ≥2 floors; d61 houses that had no windows; e1,139 houses that had at least one window; and f828 houses that had a yard/open space.
*Statistical significance with χ 2 test (P < 0.05) for two-independent samples.