HEK-293 cells or BV2 cells were incubated with rotenone or AB110873 for 24 h, followed by incubation for 30 min with staining solution containing Hoechst 33342, SYTOX Green and dihydroethidium. After fixation and washing, fluorescence was analyzed using Cellomics ArrayScan high-content screening system as described in the Methods section. A, Effect of rotenone on cytotoxicity parameters measured in HEK-293 cells. Filled circles, average cell number per field; filled squares, cytoplasmic ROS production assessed by staining with dihydroethidium; filled triangles, membrane permeability assessed by SYTOX Green staining. Effect of the silane AB110873 on cytotoxicity parameters measured in HEK-293 cells (B) and in BV2 cells (C). Data show one of three independent experiments performed in eight replicates (mean ± SD, n = 8).