Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody against VEGF-A. VEGF and VEGF-C/D traps are fusion proteins that bind to VEGF-A, or VEGF-C/D, respectively. Ramucirumab (IMC-1121B) and IMFC-3C5 are monoclonal antibodies against VEGF receptor-2 and VEGF receptor-3, respectively. Thick arrows express major pathways and thin arrows express reported, but minor, pathways.
Ab: Antibody; VEGFR: VEGF receptor.