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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jun 12.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2012 May 14;125(23):2844–2853. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.060889

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Lipotoxic inhibition of insulin signaling in advanced HF. CD36 – cluster of differentiation 36; FATP – fatty acid transport protein; PKC – protein kinase C; IRS – insulin receptor substrate; PI3K – phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase; GLUT4 – glucose transporter type 4; Foxo – forkhead transcription factor; GSK3 – glycogen synthase kinase 3; p70s6k – 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase; DAG – diacylglycerol; TG – triglyceride; MAG – monoacylglycerol; ACS – fatty acid CoA synthase; CPT1 – carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1.