Table 1.
Participant characteristics at first antenatal visit
| Characteristic | n | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age ≤19 years* |
|
|
2,839 |
21.7 |
| Haemoglobinconcentration atfirst antenatal visit (1st ANV) Hb < 11 (g/dL) |
|
|
4,071 |
88.9 |
| Mid- upper arm circumference ( <23 cm) |
|
|
3,746 |
7.4 |
| Primigravidae |
|
|
4,103 |
19.9 |
| Secundigravidae |
|
|
4,103 |
17.3 |
| Multigravidae |
|
|
4,103 |
62.8 |
| Body mass index (BMI) (<18.5 kg/m2) |
|
|
4,037 |
7.5 |
| Nutrition status (BMI < 18.5 and MUAC <23 cm) |
|
|
4,002 |
2.6 |
| ZPP >2.7 μg ZP/g Hb |
1st ANV |
All gravidae |
3,970 |
44.9 |
| |
|
Primigravidae |
788 |
23.1 |
| |
|
Secundigravidae |
690 |
17.8 |
| |
|
Multigravidae |
2,492 |
59.1 |
| MCHC <32.0 g/dL |
1st ANV |
All gravidae |
3,729 |
45.6 |
| |
|
Primigravidae |
752 |
20.9 |
| |
|
Secundigravidae |
650 |
17.8 |
| |
|
Multigravidae |
2,327 |
61.4 |
| Peripheral malaria at 1stANV |
|
Primigravidae |
779 |
35.3 |
| |
|
Secundigravidae |
673 |
21.2 |
| |
|
Multigravidae |
2,462 |
13.2 |
| HIV positive |
|
All gravidae |
630 |
25.4 |
| |
|
Primigravidae |
158 |
19.6 |
| Multigravidae | 472 | 27.3 |
n: available sample.
*For participants who knew their age.
BMI: body mass index: weight, kg/ height, m2 ; ANV : antenatal visit.